See arch in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "argeren"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "erg"
},
{
"lang": "Caribbean Javanese",
"lang_code": "jvn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "èreg"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "erg"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "erg"
},
{
"lang": "Caribbean Javanese",
"lang_code": "jvn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "èreg"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "erreg"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "erg"
},
{
"lang": "Caribbean Javanese",
"lang_code": "jvn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "èreg"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"eye dialect"
],
"word": "errug"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*arg"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *arg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*argaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *argaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *arg, from Proto-Germanic *argaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "archs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arger",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "archs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arger",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "archs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "archs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arger",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "adjective",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "arch",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "arch",
"name": "dum-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arg"
},
"name": "dum-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bad, depraved"
],
"id": "en-arch-dum-adj-FskZHfNd",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"depraved",
"depraved"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wrong, evil"
],
"id": "en-arch-dum-adj-PqDFsxTr",
"links": [
[
"wrong",
"wrong"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shameful"
],
"id": "en-arch-dum-adj-hqjR0-G4",
"links": [
[
"shameful",
"shameful"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 9 4 48 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bad, worthless, of low quality"
],
"id": "en-arch-dum-adj-mQJNGiHd",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
]
}
],
"word": "arch"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "A substantive form of the adjective arch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-decl-noun-st-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "archs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "arch n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "arch n",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arg"
},
"name": "dum-decl-noun-st-n"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"evil"
],
"id": "en-arch-dum-noun-tcH7Lvxt",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"disaster, misfortune"
],
"id": "en-arch-dum-noun-FSTJa1f1",
"links": [
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
],
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "arch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch adjectives",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch neuter nouns",
"Middle Dutch nouns",
"Middle Dutch strong neuter nouns",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "argeren"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "erg"
},
{
"lang": "Caribbean Javanese",
"lang_code": "jvn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "èreg"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "erg"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "erg"
},
{
"lang": "Caribbean Javanese",
"lang_code": "jvn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "èreg"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "erreg"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "erg"
},
{
"lang": "Caribbean Javanese",
"lang_code": "jvn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "èreg"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"eye dialect"
],
"word": "errug"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*arg"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *arg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*argaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *argaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *arg, from Proto-Germanic *argaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "archs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arger",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "archs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arger",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "archs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "archs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arger",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "adjective",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "arch",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "arch",
"name": "dum-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arg"
},
"name": "dum-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bad, depraved"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"depraved",
"depraved"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wrong, evil"
],
"links": [
[
"wrong",
"wrong"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shameful"
],
"links": [
[
"shameful",
"shameful"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bad, worthless, of low quality"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
]
}
],
"word": "arch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch neuter nouns",
"Middle Dutch nouns",
"Middle Dutch strong neuter nouns",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "A substantive form of the adjective arch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-decl-noun-st-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "archs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "argen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "arch n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "arch n",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arg"
},
"name": "dum-decl-noun-st-n"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"evil"
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"disaster, misfortune"
],
"links": [
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
],
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "arch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for arch meaning in Middle Dutch (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.